Participating in a fish-tourism holiday will
give you a chance to learn about some of the fishing methods
used most commonly in our country - a wonderful opportunity
to learn a bit more about the fisherman's trade. And we
want to prepare you for this by giving you some brief information
about the various types of equipment used by the fish-tourism
cooperatives you'll find on this site.
In Campania, Liguria,
Sardinia, Sicily, Emilia Romagna and Lazio, you can participate
in a fishing expedition with "GILLNETS", which are nets
that are left out at sea while waiting for the moving fish
to run into them and get gilled ("messed" or "tangled").
On a historic note, nets have changed very little since
historic times. These are the most famous ones.
The "TRAMMELNET"
is a very particular type of net, since it is dropped to
the bottom to catch prized species like spin lobsters. It
is composed of three nets with different-sized meshes: the
fish enters easily through the first net, which has a larger
mesh, it is "bagged" by the second one and the third one
cuts off any means of escape.
The "SMALL DRIFT NET" is instead
composed of a single net with a mesh that will vary in size
depending on the species being fished. In this case, the
fish is gilled with its head in the mesh and can't get out.
Instead, the "POTS" found in Campania and Lazio are small
traps made of wicker or nets mounted on wood and iron, and
different types of bait are used depending on the species
being fished. They are referred to as "mobile traps" because
they are drawn aboard in order to take out the catch and
then they are tossed back into the sea for more. They have
a funnel-shaped opening or entrance and once they are dropped,
the fish are attracted by the bait, enter and get trapped.
The "LONG LINE", known also as a PALAMITO or COFFA, uses
hooks baited with natural or artificial bait that is bright
or has a smell that entices the fish. Numerous hooks are
set along a line at regular intervals and then dropped near
the bottom (for hake), at a middle level or on the surface
(for tuna), again depending on the type of fish to be caught.
You can try this type of fishing in Liguria and Campania.
The "PURSE SEINE" is a surrounding net used on the surface.
Its main feature is its large size, which is marked on the
upper part by corks and floats, while the lower section
has lasts. When a school of fish is sighted, the boat starts
to circle around it, dropping the seine as it goes completely
around the school. The lead line is then tightened to create
a sac that is pulled aboard, full of fish. This type of
fish-tourism can be tried with the cooperatives that work
in Liguria and Campania.
Also in Campania, on the July and
August nights you can participate in a highly unique catch:
the TOTANARA. This is a line system and is distinguished
by a special type of unbaited hook, the jig. Squid are attracted
by the movement of the hook and by the bright lights dropped
into the sea. The lines are dropped and monitored continuously
by the fisherman. As soon as a squid bites, the fisherman
starts to pull it up. The lines can be held by hand or with
a fishing pole, and they are kept immobile while waiting
for squid to bite or the fisherman might move or drag them
to entice the predators to follow the bait.
To help fishermen
catch Mediterranean mussels and striped venuses, you can
go to Goro, in Emilia Romagna. You can go out to sea to
gather shellfish, or you can participate in catches with
dredges at the Goro inlet. This is a type of gear with teeth
that scrapes the seabed and gathers the stripped venuses
nesting in the silt, separating them from the sand or mud.
The gear can be dragged on foot or directly from the boat.
If this brief overview hasn't satisfied your curiosity and
you'd like more detailed information, you can visit the
site www.federcoopesca.it/Iniziativa/. In the section entitled "Fishing",
you'll find information and detailed charts on all the fishing
methods used in Italy.